tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9166273074287948662024-02-06T19:04:01.878-08:00Laporan Kimia Terpaduresky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-916627307428794866.post-60117438800579611922015-06-09T07:57:00.000-07:002015-06-09T07:57:02.961-07:00Kadar P2O5 yang larut dalam air pada pupuk NPK<div align="center" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 20.4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 40px;">Laporan Lengkap<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Nama : Resky Aulia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">NIS : 114734<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelas : IIIA<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelompok : A22<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tanggal mulai : 25 Maret 2015<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tanggal selesai : 25 Maret 2015<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Judul penetapan : Penetapan </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">kadar P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">yang larut dalam air pada pupuk NPK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Tujuan penetapan : Untuk mengetahui </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">kadar P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub></span><sub><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> </span></sub><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">yang larut dalam air</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> pada pupuk NPK.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Dasar prinsip : Larutan dari pupuk P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> yang dipanaskan, diendapkan dengan NH<sub>4</sub>OH dan sedikit campuran magnesia membentuk NH<sub>4</sub>MgPO<sub>4</sub>. Endapan yang telah bebas Cl<sup>-</sup>diabukan dan ditimbang sebagai MgP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> yang berwarna putih. Kemudian dihitung kadar P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> dan hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan kualitas pupuk yang dianalisis.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Reaksi : <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Landasan teori : <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Deskripsi dari Pupuk<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Untuk memperoleh makanan, cara yang dilakukan sangat manusia, hewan, dan tumbuhan sangat berbeda. Manusia dan hewan dapat berpindah tempat, sedangkan tumbuhan tergantung pada tanah tempatnya berada.Jenis makanan yang diperlukan oleh manusia dan hewan berupa unsur organik atau senyawa organik yang kompleks, sedangkan makanan yang dibutuhkan tumbuhan berupa unsur-unsur anorganik sederhana yang dikenal dengan istilah unsur hara.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Dalam tanah terdapat 16 jenis unsur hara yang diperlukan oleh tumbuhan. Unsur hara yang diperlukan dalam jumlah banya dikenal dengan unsur makro, terdiri atas 9 unsur yaitu C, H, O, N, K, P, S, Mg, dan Ca. Sedangkan unsure hara yang diperlukan dalam jumlah sedikit dikenal dengan unsur mikro, terdiri atas 7 unsur yaitu Cl, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, dan Mo. Ke-16 unsur tersebut mempunyai fungsi yang berbeda. Apabila dalam tanah tidak mengandung unsur-unsur tersebut maka tanah harus diberi pupuk sesuai dengan jenis tanah yang digunakan sebagai lahan tanam.Pupuk (fertilizer) adalah suatu zat yang ditambahkan dengan tujuan agar kesuburan tanah ditingkatkan, sehingga tanaman menjadi lebih produktif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Bahan dan Kandungan Pupuk<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> Bahan-bahan pembuat pupuk adalah Carrier, double superfosfat, CaSO4, Fosfor, kotoran (impurities), Za, asam bebas (H2SO4), bahan mantel (coated), dan Filler (pengisi).<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> Adapun kandungan pupuk meliputi Nitrogen (N), Fosfor (F), Kalium(K), Sulfur (S), Kalsium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Besi (Fe), Boron (B), Mangan (Mg), Seng (Zn), Tembaga (Cu), Molibdenum (Mo).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Fungsi Pupuk<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Menambah dan menyuburkan tanah <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Sebagai vitamin bagi tubuh adalah nutrisi bagi tanah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Menghidupkan kembali jasad renik yang ada dalam tanah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Merangsang tanaman agar tumbuh sehat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Melindungi tanaman dari hama penyakit<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Menaikan mutu dan porudktivitas hasil tanaman<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><br /><b>FOSFOR<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Fosfor adalah salah satu unsur hara makro sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman, namun kandungannya lebih rendah dibandingkan nitrogen, kalium,dan kalsium. Tanaman menyerap P dari tanah dalam bentuk ion fosfat, terutama H2PO4- yang terdapat dalam tanah.Ion H2PO4- lebih banyak dijumpai pada tanah yang lebih masam, sedangkan pada pH yang lebih tinggi (>7) bentuk HPO42- lebih dominan. Disamping ion – ion tersebut, tanaman dapat menyerap P dalam bentuk asam nukleat, fitin dan fostohumat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Fosfor berfungsi untuk pengangkutan energi hasil metabolisme dalam tanaman, merangsang pembungaan dan pembuahan, merangsang pertumbuhan akar, merangsang pembentukan biji, merangsang pembelahan sel tanaman dan memperbesar jaringan sel tanaman. Jika tanaman kekurangan unsur P gejaalanya : pembentukan buah/dan biji berkurang, kerdil, daun berwarna keunguan atau kemerahan .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Fosfor di dalam tanah dapat dibedakan dalam dua bentuk, yaitu P- organik dan P-anorganik.Gejala kekurangan fosfor bagi tanaman pertumbuhan kerdil (pembelahan sel terhambat), daun-daun menjadi unggu atau coklat mulai dari ujung daun, pembentukan buah tidak sempurna.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> Tanah yang kekurangan zat fospor jelek juga akibatnya bagi tanaman.Gejala yang nampak ialah warna daun seluruhnya berubah mmenjadi kelewat tua, dan sering nampak mengkiliap kemerahan.Pada tepi daun cabang dan batang terdapat warna merah ungu yang lambat laun berubah menjadi kuning.Kalau tanamannya kelak berbuah, maka buahnya kerdil-kerdil, nampak jelek dan lekas pula matang.Pada tanah serupa ini perlu dipupuk dengan pupuk yang mengandung unsur fospor (P).Kalau tidak maka tanaman yang ditanam pada tanah ini tetap bernasib jelek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SV" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Tanah Alfisol pada umumnya berkembang dari batu kapur, olivin, tufa dan lahar. Bentuk wilayah yang beragam dari bergelombang hingga tertoreh, tekstur berkisar antara sedang hingga halus, drainasenya baik. Reaksi tanah berkisar antara agak masam hingga netral, kapasitas tukar kation dan basa-basanya bergam dari rendah hingga tinggi, bahan organik pada umumnya sedang hingga rendah. Jeluk tanah dangkal hingga dalam. Memiliki sifat kimia dan fisika yang relatif baik</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Tanah Alfisol Terhadap Kandungan P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub></span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Fosfor pada tanaman berfungsi dalam pembelahan sel, pembentukan albumin, pembentukan dan pematangan buah, perkembangan akar, tahan terhadap penyakit dan lain-lain.Gejala kekurangan fosfor (P) dapat menyebabakan pertumbuhan tanaman kerdil karena pembelahan sel terganggu, daun-daun tidak sempurna serta mudah terserang penyakit.Kekurangan Pdalam tanah dapat disebakan oleh jumlah P yang sedikit, sebagian besar terdapat dalam bentuk yang tidak dapat diamabil oleh tanaman, dan terjadi pengikatan (fiksasai) oleh Al pada tanah masam atau oleh Ca pada tanah alkalis (Hakim, dkk., 1986).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Bentuk P yang lain yang dapat diserap oleh tanaman adalah firofosfat dan metafosfat. Kedua bentuk ini misalnya terdapat dalam bentuk P dan K metafosfat.Tanaman juga menyerap P dalam bentuk fosfat organic, yaitu asam nukleat dan phytin. Kedua bentuk senyawa ini terbentuk melalui proses degradasi da dekomposisi bahan organik yang langsung diserap oleh tanaman (Anonim, 2010).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Tanah Alfisol memiliki pH yang berubah dengan meningkatnya kedalaman dengan cenderung lebih tinggi pada bagian bawah profil dan pada sejumlah bahan-bahan glacial sampai ke suatu zona karbonat bebas dengan pH 8,0 atau lebih tinggi. Hal ini menyebabkan berubahnya mobilitas elektroporetik koloid-koloid hasil pelapukan. Koloid ini akan bergerak lambat pada pH yang lebih tinggi dibanding di bagian atas horizon B yang secara umum mempunyai pH sangat rendah (Lopulisa, 2004)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Pengaruh Ketersediaan Posfor</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Fosfor secara sederhana disebut sebagai P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> yang diekstraksikan atau larut dalam air dan asam sitrat sehingga kemudian berpengaruh terhadap banyak hal antara lain berhubungan dengan pH tanah, adanya Al, Fe, dan Ca larut, serta bahan organik dalam tanah. Berikut kriteria kriteria P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> dalam tanah (Hakim, dkk., 1986) :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi ketersedfiaan fosfor diantaranya pH tanah, besi dan aluminium yang dapat larut, terdapatnya mineral yang mengandung besi, aluminium dan mangan, kalsium tersedia dan mineral kalsium, jumlah dekomposisi bahan organic dan kegiatan mikroorganisme (Buckman dan Brady, 1982)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Fosfor memiliki peranan penting dalam pertumbuhan tanaman karena tidak semua fosfor dalam tanah tersedia untuk tanaman.Dalam hal ini unsure fosfor sangat bergantung pada sifat dan cirri tanah serta pengelolaan tanah itu sendiri oleh manusia.Disamping itu pertambahan fosfor kedalam tanah tidak terjadi dengan pengikatan biokimia sepertihalnya nitrogen, tetapi hanya bersumber dari deposit batuan dan mineral yang mengandung fosfor di dalam tanah. Oleh karena itu kadar fosfor tanah juga ditentukan oleh banyak atau sedikitnya cadangan mineral yang mengandung fosfor dan tingkat pelapukannya (Tan, 1991).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> Hubungan P Terhadap Kesuburan Tanah </span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Unsur P diambil tanaman dalam bentuk ion orthofosfat primer dan sekunder (H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>atau HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>). Bentuk P lain yang dapat diserap tanaman adalah pirofosfat dan metafosfat, dan P-organik hasil dekomposisi bahan organic seperti fosfolipid, asam nukleat dan phytin (Sarief, 1986).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Mikroorganisme sangat memiliki peran penting dalam terciptanya fosfor.Senyawa P organik diubah dan dimeneralisasi menjadi senyawa organik. Dari sifat unsur P sebagai bahan organik maka unsur ini memiliki peranan uang sangat essensial dalam kesuburan tanah dimana asupan nutrisi dari bahan organik sangan membentu menaikkan kadar unsur hara tanah dalam mencapai intensitas kesuburan yang optimal (Buckman dan Brady, 1982).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Kebanyakan pupuk P berbentuk ortofosfat (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>-3</sup>),bentuk lainnya yang lebih jarang adalah metafosfat (PO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) dan pirofosfat (P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7 </sub><sup>-4</sup>).Kedua bentuk yang terakhir akan berubah menjadi ortofosfat,apabila mereka diberikan kedalam tanah.Dua jenis pupuk P yang sering digunakan adalah TSP (Superfosfat Tunggal) dan SP-36 (Superfosfat 36).Ca(H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> . H<sub>2</sub>O dan (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> sendiri sebenarnya mempunyai kelarutan di dalam air yang cukup tinggi.Tetapi,oleh karena kapasitas fiksasi tanah jauh lebih besar,jarak yang ditempuh oleh difusi fosfor,sebelum akhirnya mereka mengendap,hanya beberapa millimeter saja.Pemupukan fosfor yang berulang-ulang jelas mengakibatkan penyebab heterogen.Pengolahan tanah yang sifatnya mekanislah yang dapat membuat mereka merata di dalam tanah (Indranada,H.K,1994)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Alat dan bahan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Gelas piala 100 ml</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Kaki tiga</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Pipet tetes</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Cawan porselin</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Tanur</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Eksikator</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Bahan :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Pupuk NPK</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Aquadest</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">NH4Cl 2 M</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">NH4OH</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">HCl</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Cara kerja :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Ditimbang 1 gram contoh ke dalam gelas piala,dibubuhi air suling ,dipanaskan,disaring,endpan dicuci dengan 3 x 10 ml air suling panas </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Filtrat ditampung lalu dibubuhi 10 ml NH4Cl 2 M dan 10 ml campuran magnesia </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Apabila menjadi keruh ditambah HCl (1 : 1 ) hingga larut</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Dibubuhi indikator PP,diendapkan dengan NH4OH ( 1 : 10 ) berlebih</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Endapan diaging dalam es lalu disaring dan dicuci dengan NH4OH ( 1 : 20 ) samapi bebas klorida</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Endapan dikeringkan,dipijarkan dan ditimbang sampai bobot tetap</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Dihitung kadar P2O5 yang larut dalam air</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Pengamatan :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Bobot contoh = 3, 0090 g</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Bobot cawan kosong = 27, 2842 g</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Bobot cawan + abu = 27, 6518 g<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Bobot abu =</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 0,3676 g<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Perhitungan :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Kadar P2O5 = <u>Mr P2O5 / Mr Mg2P2O7 x bobot abu x 100 %</u></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><br /><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> bobot contoh</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 1in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">= <u>142 / 222 x </u></span><u><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">0,3676 g<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> x 100 %</span></span></u><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 3, 0090</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 1in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">= <u>0.6396 x </u></span><u><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">0,3676 g<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> 100% </span></span></u><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><br /><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> 3, 0090<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 1in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">= <u>0, 2351 x 100%</u><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 1in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 3, 0090</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 1in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">= 7,81 %</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Kesimpulan :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Dari hasil pengamatan dan perhitungan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar P2O5 yang larut dalam air pada pupuk NPK adalah 7,81 %.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in;">
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Daftar pustaka :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><br /><br /><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><i><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Novizan.1999. Pemupukan Yang Efektif. Makalah Pada Kursus Singkat Pertanian. PT Mitratani Mandiri Perdana. Jakarta.</span></i><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><a href="http://chylenzobryn.blogspot.com/2011/05/v-behaviorurldefaultvmlo.html" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><i><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">http://chylenzobryn.blogspot.com/2011/05/v-behaviorurldefaultvmlo.html</span></i></a><i><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_TSP" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_TSP</span></i></a></div>
resky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-916627307428794866.post-2116342263254481672015-06-09T07:52:00.000-07:002015-06-09T07:52:37.568-07:00Uji Biuret pada pupuk<div align="center" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0cm 0cm 20.4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 53.3333282470703px;">Laporan Lengkap</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Nama : Resky Aulia</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">NIS : 114734</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelas : IIIA</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelompok : A22</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tanggal Praktikum : 25 Maret 2015</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Judul penetapan : Uji biuret pada pupuk</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"><br />Tujuan penetapan : Untuk mengetahui pada pupuk urea positif atau tidak berwarna lembayung</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Dasar prinsip : 2 molekul Urea pada suhu tinggi bergabung atau berpolimerisasi membentuk senyawa biuret. Keberadaannya dapat diketahui dari reaksi biuret dengan garam tembaga kompleks membentuk kompleks yang berwarna lembayung.<br /><br />Reaksi :<br />2CO(NH2)2 ——> NH2CONHCONH2 + NH3</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">CuSO4 + 2NaOH </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">——> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">2NH2CONHCONH2 + Cu(OH)2 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">——> [Cu(NH2CONHCONH2)2] (OH)2<br /><br />Landasan teori :</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.4666652679443px;">UJI BIURET</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.3999996185303px;">Uji biuret digunakan untuk menunjukkan adanya ikatan peptida dalam suatu zat </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">yang diuji. Adanya ikatan peptida mengindikasikan adanya protein, karena asam amino berikatan dengan asam amino yang lain melalui ikatan peptida membentuk protein. Ikatan peptida merupakan ikatan yang terbentuk ketika atom karbon dari gugus karboksil suatu molekul berikatan dengan atom nitrogen dari gugus amina molekul lain. Reaksi tersebut melepaskan molekul air sehingga disebut reaksi kondensasi.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAaq097uLHyH5p8LAAvAfImdT82cYkGL1t3XgoFpusqSvsOWfFThCVkliCcUxCqNwM3P5K509HUqfqMtF7v7OKJ6EbXaqod9K1P9NLdIomgdmzBaSf45K15MfcdH40X4VvRvJbb3u4KXEL/s1600/ikatan+peptida.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="color: #a18a7c; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration: none;"><img border="0" height="127" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAaq097uLHyH5p8LAAvAfImdT82cYkGL1t3XgoFpusqSvsOWfFThCVkliCcUxCqNwM3P5K509HUqfqMtF7v7OKJ6EbXaqod9K1P9NLdIomgdmzBaSf45K15MfcdH40X4VvRvJbb3u4KXEL/s1600/ikatan+peptida.jpg" style="-webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 1px 1px 5px; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 1px 1px 5px; padding: 5px; position: relative;" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiX2GOrLROUraHIgOUqzBxA_YGouB7G295GGHpIRpAatCnF8QX_9yC9k2IQab8b2XUf2mvZI7Y4TBZIjtyiX2jCvLwuzIFTghuVK7jnmZFnmTKCxMU8fKdhUmQd5vGuEAUhv7FOLII2UZCN/s1600/ikatan+peptida.jpg" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Gambar di atas menunjukkan adanya dua molekul asam amino yang berikatan dengan ikatan peptida dan membentuk molekul protein. Ikatan peptida tersebut yang akan bereaksi dengan reagen biuret menghasilkan perubahan warna. Reaksi positif uji biuret ditunjukkan dengan munculnya warna ungu atau merah muda akibat adanya persenyawaan antara Cu++ dari reagen biuret dengan NH dari ikatan peptida dan O dari air. Semakin panjang ikatan peptida (banyak asam amino yang berikatan) akan memunculkan warna ungu, semakin pendek ikatan peptida (sedikit asam amino yang berikatan) akan memunculkan warna merah muda.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Urea</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"> adalah senyawa organik yang tersusun dari unsur karbon, hidrogen, oksigen dan nitrogen dengan rumus CON<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> atau (NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO. Urea juga dikenal dengan nama<i>carbamide</i> yang terutama digunakan di kawasan Eropa. Nama lain yang juga sering dipakai adalah <i>carbamide resin</i>, <i>isourea</i>, <i>carbonyl diamide</i> dan <i>carbonyldiamine</i>. Senyawa ini adalah senyawa organik sintesis pertama yang berhasil dibuat dari senyawa organik, yang akhirnya meruntuhkan konsep vitalisme. </span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Penemuan</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Urea ditemukan pertama kali oleh Hilarrie loure pada tahun 1773. Senyawa ini merupakan senyawa organik pertama yang berhasil disintesis dari senyawa anorganik.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Biosintesis</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Urea terbentuk melalui proses oksidasi yang terjadi pada hati. Eritrosit atau sel darah merah yang sudah rusak (120 hari) dirombak menjadi 'haemo' dan'globin'. Selanjutnya 'haemo' akan diubah menjadi zat warna empedu yaitu bilirubin dan urobilin yang mengandung urea dan amonia yang akan keluar bersama urin dan feses.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Pupuk urea</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Sekitar 90% urea industri digunakan sebagai pupuk kimia. Urea dalam bentuk butiran curah (<i>prill</i>) digunakan dalam pertanian sebagai pupuk kimia pemasok unsur nitrogen. Ditanah, urea akan terhidrolisis dan melepaskan ion amonium. Kandungan N pada urea adalah 46%, tetapi yang tergunakan oleh tanaman biasanya separuhnya.<br />Karena penting dalam pembangunan pertanian, pupuk urea seringkali disubsidi oleh pemerintah suatu negara, termasuk Indonesia. Di pasaran Indonesia, pupuk urea dipasarkan dalam dua bentuk: bersubsidi (berwarna merah muda, digunakan untuk bantuan pembangunan) dan tidak bersubsidi (berwarna putih, untuk dipasarkan secara komersial).<br />Pupuk urea dihasilkan sebagai produk samping pengolahan gas alam atau pembakaran batu bara. Karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan industri tersebut lalu dicampur dengan amonia melalui proses Bosch-Meiser. Dalam suhu rendah, amonia cair dicampur dengan es kering (karbondioksida) menghasilkan amonium karbamat. Selanjutnya, amonium karbamat dicampur dengan air ditambah energi untuk menghasilkan urea dan air.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">PUPUK UREA</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Spesifikasi • Kadar air maksimal 0,50% • Kadar Biuret maksimal 1% • Kadar Nitrogen minimal 46% • Bentuk butiran tidak berdebu • Warna putih Sifat Pupuk Urea • Higroskopis • Mudah larut dalam air Manfaat unsur hara Nitrogen yang dikandung pupuk Urea • Membuat bagian tanaman lebih hijau dan segar • Mempercepat pertumbuhan • Menambah kandungan protein hasil panen Gejala kekurangan unsur hara Nitrogen pada tanaman • Seluruh tanaman berwarna pucat kekuningan • Pertumbuhan tanaman lambat dan kerdil • Daun tua berwarna kekuningan . Pada tanaman padi dimulai dari ujung daun menjalar ke tulang daun • Pertumbuhan buah tidak sempurna seringkali masak sebelum waktunya • Jika dalam keadaan kekurangan yang parah daun menjadi kering dimulai dari bagian bawah tanaman terus ke bagian atas tanaman </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Alat dan Bahan :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Cara Kerja :</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Dilarutkan sedikit contoh ( Pupuk UREA ) kedalam tabung reaksi dengan air dan alkohol</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Dibubuhi beberaa tetes larutan CuSO4 1% dan NaOH 30%</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Dibandingkan dengan standar ( CuSO4 1% + NaOH 30% + air + alkohol )</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Diamati warna larutan ( bila terbentuk warna lembayung maka biuret/protein (+) dan sebaliknya).</span></li>
</ol>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Pengamatan :</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">warna larutan standar (</span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">CuSO4 1% + NaOH 30% + air + alcohol) </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">: lembayung</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 26.3999996185303px;">warna larutan pupuk TSP setelah dibandingkan dengan standar : tidak berwarna</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">warna larutan pupuk urea setelah dibandingkan dengan standar : biru</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 26.3999996185303px;">warna larutan pupuk ZA setelah dibandingkan dengan standar : </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 26.6666641235352px;">tidak berwarna</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 26.3999996185303px;"></span></li>
</ul>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Kesimpulan :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa semua sampel pupuk (-) mengandung biuret/protein.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Daftar pustaka : </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"><a href="http://pendidikan-bio.blogspot.com/2013/11/uji-biuret.html" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">http://pendidikan-bio.blogspot.com/2013/11/uji-biuret.html</span></a></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"><a href="http://webmineral.com/data/Urea.shtml" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">http://webmineral.com/data/Urea.shtml</span></a></span></i></div>
resky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-916627307428794866.post-43628155845492122632015-06-09T07:48:00.002-07:002015-06-09T07:48:57.394-07:00Uji pH pada pupuk<div align="center" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 26.3999996185303px; margin: 0cm 0cm 20.4pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 53.3333282470703px;">Laporan Lengkap</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Nama : Resky aulia</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">NIS : 114734</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelas : IIIA</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelompok : A22</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tanggal Praktikum : 25 Maret 2015</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Judul Penetapan : Uji pH pada pupuk</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tujuan Penetapan : Untuk menentukan pH (derajat keasaman) yang terdapat pada pupuk TSP, pupuk urea dan pupuk ZA.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Dasar Prinsip : Untuk menentukan pH larutan pupuk dengan menggunakan indikator universal. Pada penggunaaan indikator universal harus diperhatikan batas – batas pH yang dapat dibedakan.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Landasan Teori :</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">ph</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">pH</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">adalah<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>derajat<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Asam"><span style="color: windowtext;">keasaman</span></a></b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>yang digunakan untuk menyatakan tingkat keasaman atau ke<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Basa"><span style="color: windowtext;">basaan</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>yang dimiliki oleh suatu<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larutan" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Larutan"><span style="color: windowtext;">larutan</span></a>. Ia didefinisikan sebagai<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kologaritma&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Kologaritma (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">kologaritma</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aktivitas_(kimia)&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Aktivitas (kimia) (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">aktivitas</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_hidrogen" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Ion hidrogen"><span style="color: windowtext;">ion hidrogen</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>(H<sup>+</sup>) yang terlarut.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Koefisien_aktivitas&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Koefisien aktivitas (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">Koefisien aktivitas</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>ion hidrogen tidak dapat diukur secara eksperimental, sehingga nilainya didasarkan pada perhitungan teoritis. Skala pH bukanlah skala absolut. Ia bersifat relatif terhadap sekumpulan larutan standar yang pH-nya ditentukan berdasarkan persetujuan internasional.<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH#cite_note-1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[1]</span></a></sup></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Konsep pH pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiawan" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Kimiawan"><span style="color: windowtext;">kimiawan</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Denmark"><span style="color: windowtext;">Denmark</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8ren_Peder_Lauritz_S%C3%B8rensen&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Søren Peder Lauritz Sørensen (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">Søren Peder Lauritz Sørensen</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>pada tahun<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="1909"><span style="color: windowtext;">1909</span></a>. Tidaklah diketahui dengan pasti makna singkatan "p" pada "pH". Beberapa rujukan mengisyaratkan bahwa<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>p</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>berasal dari singkatan untuk<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>power</i>p<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH#cite_note-Sor-2" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[2]</span></a></sup>(pangkat), yang lainnya merujuk kata<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Bahasa Jerman"><span style="color: windowtext;">bahasa Jerman</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Potenz</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>(yang juga berarti pangkat)<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH#cite_note-Uw-3" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[3]</span></a></sup>, dan ada pula yang merujuk pada kata<i>potential</i>.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jens_Norby&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Jens Norby (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">Jens Norby</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>mempublikasikan sebuah karya ilmiah pada tahun<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="2000"><span style="color: windowtext;">2000</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>yang berargumen bahwa<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>p</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>adalah sebuah tetapan yang berarti "<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logaritma" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Logaritma"><span style="color: windowtext;">logaritma</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>negatif"<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH#cite_note-Jens-4" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[4]</span></a></sup>.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air_murni&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Air murni (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">Air murni</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>bersifat netral, dengan pH-nya pada suhu 25 °C ditetapkan sebagai 7,0. Larutan dengan pH kurang daripada tujuh disebut bersifat<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Asam"><span style="color: windowtext;">asam</span></a>, dan larutan dengan pH lebih daripada tujuh dikatakan bersifat<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Basa"><span style="color: windowtext;">basa</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>atau<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Alkali"><span style="color: windowtext;">alkali</span></a>. Pengukuran pH sangatlah penting dalam bidang yang terkait dengan kehidupan atau industri pengolahan kimia seperti<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Kimia"><span style="color: windowtext;">kimia</span></a>,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologi" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Biologi"><span style="color: windowtext;">biologi</span></a>,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedokteran" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Kedokteran"><span style="color: windowtext;">kedokteran</span></a>,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertanian" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Pertanian"><span style="color: windowtext;">pertanian</span></a>,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu_pangan" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Ilmu pangan"><span style="color: windowtext;">ilmu pangan</span></a>,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekayasa" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Rekayasa"><span style="color: windowtext;">rekayasa</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>(keteknikan), dan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografi" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Oseanografi"><span style="color: windowtext;">oseanografi</span></a>. Tentu saja bidang-bidang sains dan teknologi lainnya juga memakai meskipun dalam frekuensi yang lebih rendah.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">PUPUK</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Pupuk</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">adalah material yang ditambahkan pada<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Media_tanam&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Media tanam (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">media tanam</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>atau<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanaman" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Tanaman"><span style="color: windowtext;">tanaman</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>untuk mencukupi kebutuhan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hara" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Hara"><span style="color: windowtext;">hara</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>yang diperlukan tanaman sehingga mampu berproduksi dengan baik.<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk#cite_note-SSSA_Glossary_of_Soil_Science_Terms-1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[1]</span></a></sup><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Material pupuk dapat berupa bahan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Organik&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Organik (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">organik</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>ataupun non-organik (mineral). Pupuk berbeda dari<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Suplemen&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Suplemen (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">suplemen</span></a>. Pupuk mengandung bahan baku yang diperlukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman, sementara suplemen seperti<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon_tumbuhan" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Hormon tumbuhan"><span style="color: windowtext;">hormon tumbuhan</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>membantu kelancaran proses metabolisme. Meskipun demikian, ke dalam pupuk, khususnya pupuk buatan, dapat ditambahkan sejumlah material suplemen.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Dalam pemberian pupuk perlu diperhatikan kebutuhan tumbuhan tersebut, agar tumbuhan tidak mendapat terlalu banyak zat makanan. Terlalu sedikit atau terlalu banyak zat makanan dapat berbahaya bagi tumbuhan. Pupuk dapat diberikan lewat tanah ataupun disemprotkan ke<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daun" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Daun"><span style="color: windowtext;">daun</span></a>. Salah satu jenis pupuk organik adalah<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompos" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Kompos"><span style="color: windowtext;">kompos</span></a>.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Macam-macam pupuk</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Dalam praktik sehari-hari, pupuk biasa dikelompok-kelompokkan untuk kemudahan pembahasan. Pembagian itu berdasarkan sumber bahan pembuatannya, bentuk fisiknya, atau berdasarkan kandungannya.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Pupuk berdasarkan sumber bahan</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Dilihat dari sumber pembuatannya, terdapat dua kelompok besar pupuk: (1) <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_organik" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Pupuk organik"><span style="color: windowtext;">pupuk organik</span></a> atau pupuk alami (misal <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_kandang" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Pupuk kandang"><span style="color: windowtext;">pupuk kandang</span></a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompos" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Kompos"><span style="color: windowtext;">kompos</span></a>) dan (2) <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_kimia" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Pupuk kimia"><span style="color: windowtext;">pupuk kimia</span></a> atau pupuk buatan. Pupuk organik mencakup semua pupuk yang dibuat dari sisa-sisa metabolisme atau organ hewan dan tumbuhan, sedangkan pupuk kimia dibuat melalui proses pengolahan oleh manusia dari bahan-bahan mineral. Pupuk kimia biasanya lebih "murni" daripada pupuk organik, dengan kandungan bahan yang dapat dikalkulasi. Pupuk organik sukar ditentukan isinya, tergantung dari sumbernya; keunggulannya adalah ia dapat memperbaiki kondisi fisik tanah karena membantu pengikatan air secara efektif.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Pupuk berdasarkan bentuk fisik</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Berdasarkan bentuk fisiknya, pupuk dibedakan menjadi pupuk padat dan pupuk cair. Pupuk padat diperdagangkan dalam bentuk onggokan, remahan, butiran, atau kristal. Pupuk cair diperdagangkan dalam bentuk konsentrat atau cairan. Pupuk padatan biasanya diaplikan ke tanah/media tanam, sementara pupuk cair diberikan secara disemprot ke tubuh tanaman.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Pupuk berdasarkan kandungannya</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Terdapat dua kelompok pupuk berdasarkan kandungan: pupuk tunggal dan pupuk majemuk. Pupuk tunggal mengandung hanya satu unsur, sedangkan pupuk majemuk paling tidak mengandung dua unsur yang diperlukan. Terdapat pula pengelompokan yang disebut pupuk mikro, karena mengandung <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hara_mikro&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Hara mikro (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">hara mikro</span></a> (<i>micronutrients</i>). Beberapa merk pupuk majemuk modern sekarang juga diberi campuran zat pengatur tumbuh atau zat lainnya untuk meningkatkan efektivitas penyerapan hara yang diberikan.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">PUPUK TSP</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Pupuk TSP adalah nutrient anorganik yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki hara tanah untuk pertanian. TSP artinya triple super phosphate. Rumus kimianya Ca(H2PO4). Kadar P2O5 pupuk ini sekitar 44-46%, namun di lapangan bisa mencapai 56 %. TSP dibuat dengan sistem proses. Pada pembuatannya, batuan alam (rockphosphate) fluor apatit diasamkam dengan asam fosfat hasil proses sebelumnya. Reaksi dasarnya sebagai berikut<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_TSP#cite_note-1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[1]</span></a></sup>:</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"> Ca3(PO4)2CaF + H3PO4 --> Ca(H2PO4)2 + Ca(OH)2 + HF</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">PUPUK UREA</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Urea</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;"> adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senyawa_organik" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Senyawa organik"><span style="color: windowtext;">senyawa organik</span></a> yang tersusun dari unsur <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Karbon"><span style="color: windowtext;">karbon</span></a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrogen" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Hidrogen"><span style="color: windowtext;">hidrogen</span></a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksigen" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Oksigen"><span style="color: windowtext;">oksigen</span></a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Nitrogen"><span style="color: windowtext;">nitrogen</span></a> dengan rumus CON<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> atau (NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 32px;">Urea juga dikenal dengan nama <i>carbamide</i> yang terutama digunakan di kawasan Eropa. Nama lain yang juga sering dipakai adalah <i>carbamide resin</i>, <i>isourea</i>, <i>carbonyl diamide</i> dan <i>carbonyldiamine</i>. Senyawa ini adalah senyawa organik sintesis pertama yang berhasil dibuat dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senyawa_anorganik" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Senyawa anorganik"><span style="color: windowtext;">senyawa anorganik</span></a>, yang akhirnya meruntuhkan konsep<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitalisme" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Vitalisme"><span style="color: windowtext;">vitalisme</span></a>.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">E.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 37.3333320617676px;">PUPUK ZA</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Pupuk ZA</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">adalah<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_kimia" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Pupuk kimia"><span style="color: windowtext;">pupuk kimia</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>buatan yang dirancang untuk memberi tambahan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hara" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Hara"><span style="color: windowtext;">hara</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Nitrogen"><span style="color: windowtext;">nitrogen</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>dan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belerang" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Belerang"><span style="color: windowtext;">belerang</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>bagi<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanaman" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Tanaman"><span style="color: windowtext;">tanaman</span></a>. Nama ZA adalah singkatan dari istilah<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Bahasa Belanda"><span style="color: windowtext;">bahasa Belanda</span></a>,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>zwavelzure ammoniak</i>, yang berarti<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amonium_sulfat" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Amonium sulfat"><span style="color: windowtext;">amonium sulfat</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>(NH<sub>4</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>).</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Wujud pupuk ini butiran kristal mirip<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garam_dapur" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Garam dapur"><span style="color: windowtext;">garam dapur</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>dan terasa<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asin" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Asin"><span style="color: windowtext;">asin</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>di<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidah" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Lidah"><span style="color: windowtext;">lidah</span></a>. Pupuk ini higroskopis (mudah menyerap air) walaupun tidak sekuat<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pupuk_urea&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Pupuk urea (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">pupuk urea</span></a>. Karena ion sulfat sangat mudah larut dalam<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Air"><span style="color: windowtext;">air</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>sedangkan ion amonium lebih lemah, pupuk ini berpotensi menurunkan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="PH"><span style="color: windowtext;">pH</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Tanah"><span style="color: windowtext;">tanah</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>yang terkena aplikasinya sehingga hanya cocok digunakan pada<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tanah_alkalin&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Tanah alkalin (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">tanah alkalin</span></a>. Dibandingkan pupuk lain (misal<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amonium_nitrat&action=edit&redlink=1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Amonium nitrat (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">amonium nitrat</span></a>), pupuk ini mengandung lebih sedikit kadar nitrogen sehingga mampu meningkatkan biaya pemupukan per massa nitrogen yang diberikan pada usaha pertanian.<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_ZA#cite_note-Ullmann-1" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[1]</span></a></sup></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Pupuk ini bersama dengan pupuk berbahan dasar amonia lainnya telah dilarang penggunaannya di Pakistan dan Afghanistan karena mampu digunakan sebagai bahan pembuat bahan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peledak" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;" title="Peledak"><span style="color: windowtext;">peledak</span></a>.<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_ZA#cite_note-2" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">[2]</span></a></sup></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Alat dan bahan :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Trans/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" style="-webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 1px 1px 5px; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 1px 1px 5px; padding: 5px;" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Alat :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1. Tabung Reaksi</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">2. Spatula</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">3. Labu Semprot</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Trans/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" style="-webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 1px 1px 5px; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 1px 1px 5px; padding: 5px;" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Bahan:</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1. Pupuk TSP</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">2. Pupuk Urea</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">3. Pupuk ZA</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">4. Air (aquades)</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Cara Kerja :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Menyiapkan alat dan bahan yang akan digunakan.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Contoh dimasukkan ke dalam tabung reaksi.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Dilarutkan dengan air dengan perbandingan contoh dan air ( 1:10 ). pH larutan atau suspensi di periksa dengan kertas pH atau pH meter.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> Hasil Pengamatan :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">pH pada sampel pupuk ZA = 7</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">pH pada sampel pupuk TSP = 11</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">pH pada sampel pupuk Urea = 7</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kesimpulan :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Dari hasil pengamatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pH pada sampel pupuk ZA dan Urea adalah 7, sedangkan pH pada sampel pupuk TSP adalah 11.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> Daftar Pustaka :</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Courier New';">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: windowtext; padding: 0cm;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH</span></a></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Courier New';">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk</span></a></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Courier New';">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_TSP" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: windowtext; padding: 0cm;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_TSP</span></a></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Courier New';">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_ZA" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: windowtext; padding: 0cm;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_ZA</span></a></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Courier New';">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urea" style="color: #a18a7c; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: windowtext;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urea</span></a></span></i></div>
resky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-916627307428794866.post-17281976937310570722015-05-24T00:51:00.004-07:002015-06-09T07:36:00.300-07:00Penetapan Kadar Asam Bebas Pada Pupuk ZA<div align="center" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan Lengkap</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Nama : Resky Aulia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">NIS : 114734</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Kelas : III – A</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Kelompok : A22</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Tanggal mulai : </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Tanggal selesai : </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Judul
penetapan : Penentuan Kadar Asam Bebas pada pupuk
ZA</span></div>
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</div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tujuan penetapan : Untuk mengetahui kadar asam bebas pada
sampel ZA</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dasar prinsip : Kadar asam bebas pada pupuk ZA ditetapkan
secara alkalimetri. Pupuk ZA dilarutkan dalam pH 5,4 kemudian dititar dengan
NaOH hingga didapatkan titik akhir hijau dari indikator MM:BM.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Reaksi : </span></div>
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</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyfsvPskQbZt55B-jMfNk_Gy0aBWv4i1AbRDPfDYcjwcMLpX2jtaSzOfX5y7HzKjpGjeM8H98dfIG2l2fhOn43lHcGS-2-yYjRLaFrXB20GtAZKssfcXbgFo6KH6ZqogPRKRPX2Y6m4YI/s1600/reaksi+asam+lemk+bebas.png"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaif9OZDIK9eDVzyMR8FqNuVaCaMhDdFB5AApq10L7ddhaKWXCZ-vKN63vBPPkbTo0qJZTr43fLGMqg9N9vprR7pIKhA5BrlvjE46VFggl9rsC9saG7eyjIsRokHRQy7cOwZna7WxU3vhyphenhyphen/s1600/za.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaif9OZDIK9eDVzyMR8FqNuVaCaMhDdFB5AApq10L7ddhaKWXCZ-vKN63vBPPkbTo0qJZTr43fLGMqg9N9vprR7pIKhA5BrlvjE46VFggl9rsC9saG7eyjIsRokHRQy7cOwZna7WxU3vhyphenhyphen/s1600/za.png" width="400" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />Landasan teori :</span></div>
<h1 align="center" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.45pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 21.2pt; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-za" title="Tentang Pupuk ZA"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">PUPUK ZA</span></strong></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;"></span></h1>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.45pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 21.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-za" title="Pupuk ZA"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Pupuk
ZA</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">adalah pupuk kimia
buatan yang dirancang untuk memberi tambahan hara nitrogen bagi tanaman.</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-za" title="Pupuk ZA"><em><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Pupuk ZA</span></em></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">mudah menyerap air,
karena ion sulfat sangat mudah larut dalam air sedangkan ion amonium lebih lemah,
pupuk ini berpotensi menurunkan pH tanah yang terkena aplikasinya.</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-za" title="Pupuk ZA"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Pupuk
ZA</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">mengandung belerang
24% (dalam bentuk sulfat) dan nitrogen 21% (dalam bentuk amonium).</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;"></span></h4>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.7pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 8.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/pupuk-za" title="Pupuk ZA"><strong><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Pupuk ZA</span></strong></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> m</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">emperbaiki kualitas dan meningkatkan
produksi serta nilai gizi hasil panen dan pakan ternak karena peningkatan kadar
protein pati, padi, gula, lemak, vitamin, dll. Memperbaiki rasa dan warna hasil
panen. Tanaman lebih sehat dan lebih tahan terhadap gangguan lingkungan (hama,
penyakit, kekeringan) Kandungan nitrogennya hanya separuhnya dari<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/pupuk-urea" title="pupuk urea"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">pupuk urea</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, sehingga biasanya pemberiannya
dimaksudkan sebagai sumber pemasok hara belerang pada tanah-tanah yang miskin
unsur ini, maka<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-za" title="Pupuk ZA"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Pupuk
ZA</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">merupakan pilihan terbaik
untuk memenuhi kebutuhan unsur hara Belerang.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.7pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 8.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">a. Dampak kekurangan unsur hara
Belerang pada tanaman :</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Produksi protein tanaman menurun, pertumbuhan sel
tanaman kurang aktif.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Terjadi penimbunana amida bebas dan asam amino
sampai batas yang berbahaya bagi tanaman, terjadi kerusakan aktifitas
fisiologis dan mudah terserang<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://blog.faedahjaya.com/hama" title="hama"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">hama</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">dan</span><a href="http://blog.faedahjaya.com/penyakit" title="penyakit"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">penyakit</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Produksi butir hijau daun menurun, proses asimilasi
dan sintesis karbohidrat terlambat, tanaman mengalami klorosis /
kekuningan, dan hasil panen rendah.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tanaman tumbuh kerdil, kurus dan panjang, juga
pertumbuhan dan kematangan terlambat, terutama pada tanaman biji-bijian.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Buah-buahan tidak matang sempurna dan warnanya
menjadi hijau terang.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Produksi protein tanaman menurun, pertumbuhan sel
tanaman kurang aktif.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Terjadi penimbunan amida bebas dan asam amino sampai
batas yang berbahaya bagi tanaman.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Terjadi kerusakan aktivitas fisiologis dan mudah terserang
hama penyakit.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Produksi butir daun hijau menurun, proses asimilasi
dan sintesis karbohidrat terlambat, tanaman mengalami klorosis/kekuningan
dan hasil panen rendah.</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.7pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 8.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">b.
Keunggulan Pupuk ZA :</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mudah penangannya dan ekonomis.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak menyerap banyak air.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Digunakan sebagai pupuk dasar dan susulan.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Senyawa kimianya stabil sehingga tahan disimpan
dalam waktu lama.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat dicampur dengan pupuk lain, serta aman
digunakan untuk semua jenis tanaman.</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.7pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 8.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">c.
PUPUK ZA (SNI 02-1760-2005) :</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nitrogen minimal 20,8%</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">belerang minimal 23,8%</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kadar air maksimal 1%</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kadar Asam Bebas sebagai H2SO4 maksimal 0,1%</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bentuk kristal</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Warna putih</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Warna orange untuk ZA bersubsidi</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dikemas dalam kantong bercap Kerbau Emas dengan isi
50 kg</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.7pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 8.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">d.
Sifat dan keunggulan pupuk ZA :</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak higroskopis</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mudah larut dalam air</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Digunakan sebagai pupuk dasar dan susulan</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Senyawa kimianya stabil sehingga tahan disimpan
dalam waktu lama</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat dicampur dengan pupuk lain</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aman digunakan untuk semua jenis tanaman</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas panen</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menambah daya tahan tanaman terhadap gangguan hama,
penyakit dan kekeringan</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memperbaiki rasa dan warna hasil panen</span></li>
</ol>
<h3 align="center" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.8pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.gerbangpertanian.com/2014/04/perbedaan-pupuk-urea-dan-za_13.html"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PERBEDAAN PUPUK UREA DAN ZA</span></a><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></h3>
<div align="center" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Pupuk urea dan za sekilas memang sama
akan tetapi keduanya memiliki perbedaan yang sangat jelas. Berikut tabel
perbedaan antara pupuk urea dan pupuk ZA :</span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 555px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 239.3pt;" valign="top" width="319"><div align="center" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">PUPUK
UREA</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 176.95pt;" valign="top" width="236"><div align="center" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">PUPUK
ZA</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 239.3pt;" valign="top" width="319"><div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">A.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Spesifikasi</b></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1.
Kadar air maksimal 0,50%</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2.
Kadar Biuret maksimal 1%</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3.
Kadar Nitrogen minimal 46%</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4.
Bentuk butiran tidak berdebu</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5.
Warna putih</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6.
Dikemas dalam kantong bercap Kerbau Emas dengan isi 50 kg</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 176.95pt;" valign="top" width="236"><div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">A.
Spesifikasi</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1.
Nitrogen minimal 20,8%</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2.
belerang minimal 23,8%</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3.
Kadar air maksimal 1%</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4.
kadar Asam Bebas sebagai H2SO4 maksimal 0,1%</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5.
Bentuk Kristal</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6.
Warna putih</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">7.
Dikemas dalam kantong bercap Kerbau Emas dengan isi 50 kg</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 239.3pt;" valign="top" width="319"><div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">B.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Sifat Pupuk Urea</b></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1.
Higroskopis</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2.
Mudah larut dalam air</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3.
Manfaat unsur hara Nitrogen yang dikandung pupuk Urea</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4.
Membuat bagian tanaman lebih hijau dan segar</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5.
Mempercepat pertumbuhan</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6.
Menambah kandungan protein hasil panen</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 176.95pt;" valign="top" width="236"><div style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">B.</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Sifat dan keunggulan pupuk ZA</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1.
Tidak higroskopis</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2.
Mudah larut dalam air</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3.
Digunakan sebagai pupuk dasar dan susulan</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4.
Senyawa kimianya stabil sehingga tahan disimpan dalam waktu lama</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5.
Dapat dicampur dengan pupuk lain</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6.
Aman digunakan untuk semua jenis tanaman</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">7.
Meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas panen</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">8.
Menambah daya tahan tanaman terhadap gangguan hama, penyakit dan kekeringan</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">9.
Memperbaiki rasa dan warna hasil panen</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 239.3pt;" valign="top" width="319"><div style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">C.</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Gejala kekurangan unsur hara
Nitrogen pada tanaman</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1.
Seluruh tanaman berwarna pucat kekuningan</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2.
Pertumbuhan tanaman lambat dan kerdil</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3.
Daun tua berwarna kekuningan. Pada tanaman padi dimulai dari ujung daun
menjalar ke tulang daun</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4.
Pertumbuhan buah tidak sempurna seringkali masak sebelum waktunya</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5.
Jika dalam keadaan kekurangan yang parah daun menjadi kering dimulai dari
bagian bawah tanaman terus ke bagian atas tanaman.</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 176.95pt;" valign="top" width="236"><div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">C.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>Gejala kekurangan unsur hara
Belerang pada tanaman</b></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1.
Produksi protein tanaman menurun, pertumbuhan sel tanaman kurang aktif</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2.
Terjadi penimbunan amida bebas dan asam amino sampai batas yang berbahaya
bagi tanaman</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3.
Terjadi kerusakan aktivitas fisiologis dan mudah terserang hama penyakit</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4.
Produksi butir daun hijau menurun, proses asimilasi dan sintesis karbohidrat
terlambat, tanaman mengalami klorosis/kekuningan dan hasil panen rendah</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Alat
& Bahan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Alat :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Erlenmeyer</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Buret</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pipet
tetes</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Neraca digital</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gelas
ukur</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pengaduk</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gelas
piala</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pH
universal</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Bahan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pupuk
ZA</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">H<sub>2</sub>O
pH 5,4</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Indicator
SM</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NaOH
0,1 N</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cara
kerja : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 1. Ditimbang <u>+</u> 5
g contoh pupuk ZA.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 2. Dilarutkan
25 mL H<sub>2</sub>O pH 5,4 di dalam Erlenmeyer, dihomogenkan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 3. Ditambahkan
indikator MM:BM.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 4. Dititar dengan
NaOH sampai titik akhir hijau.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pengamatan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bobot contoh : 5,0110 gram </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Volume larutan penitar : 0.10 mL</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Konsentrasi NaOH : 0,0960 M</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Warna larutan sebelum penambahan
ind. MM:BM : tidak berwarna</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Warna larutan setelah penambahan
ind. MM:BM : biru</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Warna larutan pada saat titik akhir : hijau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Perhitungan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">% Asam bebas = <u>V NaOH x M NaOH x Mr H2SO4<b> x</b> 100
%</u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mg contoh </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"> </span><u style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">0,1 mL x 0,0960 mmol/mL x 96 mg/meq <b>x</b> 100 %</u><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 5011,0 mg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> = 0,02 %</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kesimpulan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan perhitungan
tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar asam bebas dalam sampel ZA adalah 0,02%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <br />
Daftar pustaka :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><a href="https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-za"><i><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">https://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-za</span></i></a><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><i><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://www.gerbangpertanian.com/2014/04/perbedaan-pupuk-urea-dan-za_13.html">http://www.gerbangpertanian.com/2014/04/perbedaan-pupuk-urea-dan-za_13.html</a></span></i>resky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-916627307428794866.post-13058505328276480282015-05-24T00:47:00.000-07:002015-06-09T08:27:29.713-07:00Penetapan Kadar Asam Bebas Pada pupuk NPK<div align="center" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan Lengkap</span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Nama : Resky Aulia</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">NIS : 114734</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Kelas : III – A</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Kelompok : A22 </span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Tanggal mulai : 25 maret 2015</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Tanggal selesai : 25 maret 2015</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Judul
penetapan : Penentuan Kadar Asam Bebas pada pupuk
NPK</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 184.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 148.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -184.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tujuan penetapan : Untuk mengetahui kadar asam bebas
pada sampel NPK</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 184.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 148.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -184.3pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 184.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 148.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -184.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dasar prinsip : Kadar asam bebas pada pupuk NPK dapat
ditentukan dengan cara titrasi langsung dengan larutan NaOH 0,1 M dengan
indicator MM:BM.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Landasan
teori :</span></div>
<h3 align="center" style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pupuk N P K</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk NPK adalah termasuk jenis pupuk majemuk
yang mengandung tiga unsur hara yaitu N P dan K. NPK adalah kepanjangan dari N
untuk Nitrogen, P untuk Phosfat dan K untuk Kalium. Banyak produsen pupuk yang
memproduksi pupuk NPK dengan berbagai komposisi seperti Pupuk NPK Kujang dengan
Komposisi 30:6:8</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span class="apple-style-span">yang artinya di
dalam kemasan pupuk NPK kujang mengandung 30% N, 6% P dan 8% K dan jika kita
konversikan ke dalam kilogram, maka di dalam 100 Kg pupuk NPK Kujang terdapat
30 Kg "N", 6 Kg "P", dan 8 Kg "K".<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan jika komposisi yang tertulis dalam
kemasan pupuk NPK adalah, 16:17:18, maka dalam 100Kg Pupuk NPK tersebut
mengandung 16 Kg "N", 17 Kg "P", dan 18 Kg "K".
dan seterusnya. kita para petani hanya tinggal menghitungnya saja dan di
sesuaikan dengan kebutuhan tanaman kita.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Begitu juga dengan komposisi formulasi yang
lain seperti NPK 15:15:15 ataupun 10:20:20, dan lain-lain. Namun agak sedikit
berbeda dengan komposisi yang di miliki NPK Phonska, karna NPK Phonska
menambahkan Unsur "S"(Sulfur) di dalam produknya dengan komposisi 15:15:15:10,
dengan tambahan 10% "S" dalam kemasaannya.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk NPK menjadi pilihan alternatif para
petani karena kandungan hara yang ada di dalamnya rata-rata telah sesuai dengan
kebutuhan hara tanaman di wilayah indonesia. Selain itu dengan pupuk majemuk
NPK para petani tidak repot mencampur beberapa jenis pupuk sebelum
melakukan pemupukan.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Meski pupuk NPK mengandung hara yang cukup
dengan komposisinya, namun para petani terkadang miliki dosis yang berbeda
dengan komposisi yang telah di sediakan oleh para produsen pupuk, sehingga
pupuk tunggal masih sangat di perlukan keberadaanya.</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span class="apple-style-span">memang tidak semua wilayah bisa di cukupi dengan
komposisi NPK yang telah di sediakan, karna banyaknya metode pola tanam yang
membutuhkan dosis dan komposisi pupuk yang berbeda seperti perbedaan lahan,
varietas, jarak tanam dll.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Pupuk NPK</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">adalah<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk" title="Pupuk"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">pupuk</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>buatan yang berbentuk cair atau padat
yang mengandung unsur hara utama<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">nitrogen</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">fosfor</span></a>,
dan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">kalium</span></a>.<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_NPK#cite_note-1"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">[1]</span></a></sup><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Pupuk
NPK merupakan salah satu jenis</span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pupuk_majemuk&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Pupuk majemuk (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">pupuk majemuk</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">yang paling umum digunakan.</span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #AAAAAA 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #AAAAAA .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;">
<h2 style="border: none; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #AAAAAA .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span class="mw-headline"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Fungsi setiap komponen</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></span></h2>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Ketiga
unsur dalam pupuk NPK membantu pertumbuhan tanaman dalam tiga cara. Penjelasan
singkatnya adalah sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N – nitrogen: membantu pertumbuhan vegetatif,
terutama daun<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_NPK#cite_note-2"><span style="color: windowtext;">[2]</span></a></sup></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">P – fosfor: membantu pertumbuhan akar dan
tunas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">K – kalium: membantu pembungaan dan pembuahan</span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #AAAAAA 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #AAAAAA .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;">
<h2 style="border: none; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #AAAAAA .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span class="mw-headline"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pemeringkatan NPK</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></span></h2>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Pemeringkatan
NPK (<i>NPK rating</i>) digunakan untuk memberikan label pada pupuk berdasarkan
pada kadar relatif dari komposisi nitrogen, kalium, dan fosfornya. Nilai N
adalah persentase unsur nitrogen berdasarkan berat dari pupuk. Nilai P dan K
mewakili bentuk oksidanya dalam bentuk P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>dan K<sub>2</sub>O.<sup><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_NPK#cite_note-3"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">[3]</span></a></sup></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #AAAAAA 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #AAAAAA .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;">
<h2 style="border: none; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #AAAAAA .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span class="mw-headline"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Metode pengubahan nilai NPK
menjadi komposisi aktual</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></span></h2>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Faktor
untuk mengubah nilai P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>dan K<sub>2</sub>O menjadi P dan K
dalam bentuk unsur adalah sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>terdiri dari 56.4% oksigen dan 43.6%
fosfor dalam bentuk unsur. Persentasi (<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fraksi_massa&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Fraksi massa (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext;">fraksi
massa</span></a>) dari unsur fosfor adalah 43.6% sehingga jumlah unsur P
adalah,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>P</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>= 0.436 x P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">K<sub>2</sub>O terdiri dari 17% oksigen dan
83% kalium dalam bentuk unsur. Persentasi (fraksi massa) dari unsur kalium
adalah 83% sehingga jumlah unsur K adalah,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>K</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>= 0.83 x K<sub>2</sub>O</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nilai nitrogen sudah mewakili kadar nitrogen
sehingga angkanya tidak perlu dikonversi</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Menggunakan
faktr konversi ini, dapat ditentukan bahwa pupuk dengan penomoran 18−51−20
mengandung:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">18% nitrogen</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">22% fosfor, dan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">17% kalium</span></div>
<h1 align="center" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .1in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk
NPK Mutiara</span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="awal"><b><span style="background: white; border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">P</span></b></span><b><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">upuk
NPK Mutiara</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">adalah
salah satu jenis pupuk majemuk yang mengandung sedikitnya 5 unsur hara makro
dan mikro yang sangat dibutuhkan tanaman. Pupuk ini berbentuk butiran granul
berwarna biru pudar yang biasanya dikemas dalam kemasan plastik. Pupuk NPK
Mutiara dibuat menggunakan proses Odda melalui pelarutan batuan fosfat
menggunakan asam nitrat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Pupuk NPK Mutiara</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">hingga saat ini masih
diimpor dari Norwegia oleh karenanya harganya masih tergolong cukup mahal,
yakni Rp. 25.000,- per 900 gram-nya. Kendati sangat mahal,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://pupuklopedia.blogspot.com/"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">pupuk</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>ini tetap laris dipasaran karena
khasiatnya yang cukup baik bagi pertumbuhan tanaman dengan reaksi yang cukup
cepat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Pupuk NPK Mutiara</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">mengandung 16% N
(Nitrogen), 16% P2O5 (Phospate), 16% K2O (Kalium), 0.5% MgO (Magnesium), dan 6%
CaO (Kalsium). Karena kandungan tersebut pupuk ini juga dikenal dengan istilah
pupuk NPK 16-16-16. Pupuk ini memiliki banyak keunggulan dibanding pupuk NPK lainnya
seperti<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://pupuklopedia.blogspot.com/2014/07/pupuk-npk-phonska.html"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">pupuk NPK Phonska</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>dan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://pupuklopedia.blogspot.com/2014/07/pupuk-npk-pelangi.html"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">pupuk NPK Pelangi</span></a>. Keunggulan tersebut diantaranya
adalah:<br />
<br />
</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengandung unsur hara NPK sekaligus hara
mikro CaO dan MgO yang sangat dibutuhkan tanaman.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dibuat menggunakan proses Odda sehingga
bersifat mobile dan cepat bereaksi pada tanaman.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menjaga keseimbangan unsur hara makro
dan mikro pada tanah.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengapliaksiannya yang cukup mudah
sehingga biaya pemupukan relatif lebih kecil.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penggunaan
pupuk ini tidak terbatas hanya untuk tanaman tertentu. Baik tanaman pangan,
hortikultura, ataupun perkebunan, semuanya dapat menerima khasiat dan manfaat
dari<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">pupuk NPK mutiara</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>ini. Pada tanaman keras seperti
tanaman perkebunan, pupuk ini dapat diaplikasikan dengan menaburkannya sebanyak
satu sendok teh pada tanah di sekitar perakaran tanaman. Sedangkan untuk
tanaman hortikultura penggunaannya dapat dengan diencerkan terlebih dahulu, baru
kemudian dikocorkan ke tanaman.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Alat
& Bahan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Alat :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Erlenmeyer</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Buret</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pipet
tetes</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Neraca digital</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gelas
ukur</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pengaduk</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gelas
piala</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pH
universal</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Bahan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pupuk
ZA</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">H<sub>2</sub>O
pH 5,4</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Indicator
SM</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NaOH
0,1 N</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cara
kerja : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 1. Ditimbang <u>+</u> 5
g contoh pupuk NPK.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 2. Dilarutkan
25 mL H<sub>2</sub>O pH 5,4 di dalam Erlenmeyer, dihomogenkan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 3. Ditambahkan
indikator MM:BM.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 4. Dititar dengan
NaOH sampai titik akhir hijau.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pengamatan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">Bobot contoh : 5,1678 gram </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Volume larutan penitar : 0,1 ml </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Konsentrasi NaOH : 0.0960 N</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Warna larutan sebelum penambahan
ind. MM:BM : biru</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Warna larutan setelah penambahan
ind. MM:BM : biru</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Warna larutan pada saat titik akhir : hijau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Perhitungan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">% Asam bebas = <u>fp x V NaOH x M NaOH x Mr H3PO4<b>
x</b> 100 %</u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">mg contoh </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"> = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"> </span><u style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">100/25 x 0,1 mL x 0,0960 mmol/mL x 98 mg/meq<b>x</b> 100 %</u><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 5167,8 mg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> = 0,07 %</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kesimpulan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan
perhitungan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar asam bebas dalam sampel NPK adalah. 0,07%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <br />
Daftar pustaka :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_NPK"><i><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupuk_NPK</span></i></a><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 181.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o</span><i><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://petani-kecil.blogspot.com/2013/06/pupuk-n-p-k.html">http://petani-kecil.blogspot.com/2013/06/pupuk-n-p-k.html</a></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 181.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="http://pupuklopedia.blogspot.com/2014/07/pupuk-npk-mutiara.html">http://pupuklopedia.blogspot.com/2014/07/pupuk-npk-mutiara.html</a></span></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 181.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></i></div>
resky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-916627307428794866.post-71841541524501446932015-05-24T00:39:00.005-07:002015-06-09T08:08:59.990-07:00Penetapan Kadar Air dalam pupuk NPK<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
</h3>
<div class="post-header">
</div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan Lengkap</span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Nama : Resky Aulia</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">NIS : 114734</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Kelas : III A</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Kelompok : A22 </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Tanggal mulai : 25 Maret 2015</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Tanggal selesai : 25 Maret 2015</span></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Judul Penetapan : Penetapan kadar air pada pupuk NPK, Urea dan ZA</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 184.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 148.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -184.3pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tujuan penetapan : Untuk mengetahui kadar air pada pupuk NPK, Urea dan ZA.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 184.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 148.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -184.3pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Dasar prinsip : </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Prinsip dari metode oven pengering
adalah bahwa air yang terkandung dalam suatu bahan akan menguap bila
bahan tersebut dipanaskan pada suhu 105<sup>o</sup> C selama waktu tertentu.
Perbedaan antara berat sebelum dan sesudah dipanaskan adalah kadar air.</span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 16.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Landasan teori : </span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 16.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Air merupakan satu zat gizi yang tidak dapat
kita tinggalkan, tetapi seiring diabaikannya dalam pembahasan mengenai gizi.
Air digunakan dalam jumlah yang lebih besar, baik dalam pangan maupun dalam
tubuh manusia dibandingkan dengan zat gizi lainnya. Didasarkan pada seluruh
bobot tubuh, hampir 60 hingga 70 persen tubuh manusia terdiri dari air, jumlah
yang tepat tergantung dari faktor seperti usia, kelamin, keadaan kesehatan dan kegiatan
fisik (Suhardjo dkk, 1977).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penetapan
kandungan air dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara. Hal ini tergantung pada
sifat bahannya. Pada umumnya penentuan kadar air dilakukan dengan mengeringkan
bahan dalam oven pada suhu 105 – 110°C selama 3 jam atau sampai didapat berat
yang konstan. Untuk bahan yang tidak tahan panas, seperti bahan berkadar gula
tinggi, minyak, daging, kecap dan lain-lain pemanasan dilakukan dalam oven
vakum dengan suhu yang lebih rendah. Kdang-kadang pengeringan dilakukan tanpa pemanasan,
bahan dimasukkan ke dalam eksikator dengan H<sub><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">2</span></sub>SO<sub><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">4</span></sub> pekat sebagai pengering, hingga mencapai berat
yang konstan (Winarno,2004).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 16.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penentuan
kadar air dari bahan-bahan yang kadar airnya tinggi dan mengandung
senyawa-senyawa yang mudah menguap (volatile) seperti sayuran dan susu,
menggunakan metode distilasi dengan pelarut tertentu, selain itu untuk bahan
yang mengandung kadar gula tinggi, kadar airnya dapat diukur dengan menggunakan
refraktometer disamping menentukan padatan terlarutnya pula. Disamping cara
fisik, ada pula cara kimia untuk menentukan kadar air. Mc Neil mengukur kadar
air berdasarkan volume gas asitilen yang dihasilkan dari reaksi kalsium karbida
dalam bahan yang akan diperiksa, cara bahan ini dipergunakan untuk bahan-bahan
seperti sabun, tepung, kulit, buuk biji panili, mentega dan sari buah (Winarno,
2004).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 16.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kadar
air suatu bahan dapat dinyatakan dalam dua cara yaitu berdasarkan bahan kering
(dry basis) dan berdasarkan bahan basah (wet basis). Kadar air secara dry basis
adalah perbandingan antara berat air di dalam bahan tersebut dengan berat
keringnya.Bahan kering adalah berat bahan asal setelah dikurangi dengan berat
airnya. Sedangkan kadar air secara wet basis adalah perbandingan antara berat
air di dalam bahan tersebut dengan berat bahan mentah (Anonim,2009).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 16.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penentuan
kadar air untuk berbagai bahan berbeda-beda metodenya tergantung pada sifat
bahan. Seperti misalnya:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk bahan yang tidak tahan panas, berkadar
gula tinggi, berminyak dan lain-lain penentuan kadar air dapat dilakukan dengan
menggunakan oven vakum dengan suhu rendah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk bahan yang mempunyai kadar air tinggi
dan mengandung senyawa volatil (mudah menguap) penentuan kadar air dilakukan
dengan cara destilasi dengan pelarut tertentu yang berat jenisnya lebih rendah
daripada berat jenis air.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk bahan cair yang berkadar gula tinggi,
penentuan kadar air dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan reflaktometer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kadar Air</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kadar
air merupakan banyaknya air yang terkandung dalam bahan yang dinyatakan dalam
persen.Kadar air juga merupakan satu karakteristik yang sangat penting pada
bahan pangan, karena air dapat mempengaruhi penampakan, tekstur, dan citarasa
pada bahan pangan.Kadar air dalam bahan pangan ikut menentukan kesegaran dan
daya awet bahan pangan tersebut (Sandjaja 2009).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penentuan Kadar Air</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penentuan kandungan air dapat dilakukan
dengan beberapa cara. Hal ini tergantung pada sifat bahannya. Pada umumnya
penentuan kadar air dilakukan dengan mengeringkan bahan dalam oven pada suhu
105-110ºC selama 3 jam atau sampai didapat berat yang konstan. Selisih berat
sebelum dan sesudah pengeringan adalah banyaknya air yang diuapkan.Untuk
bahan-bahan yang tidak tahan panas, dilakukan pemanasan dalam oven vakum dengan
suhu yang lebih rendah.(Winarno.1992).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kadar air dalam bahan makanan dapat
ditentukan dengan berbagai cara antara lain :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1. Metode pengeringan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2. Metode destilasi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3. Metode kimiawi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4. Metode fisis</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
percobaan kali ini yang metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan proses penetapan
kadar air menggunkan cara pengeringan dengan metode oven biasa.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penentuan kadar air dengan cara
pengeringan prinsipnya yaitu menguapkan air yang ada dalam bahan dengan
jalan pemanasan. Kemudian menimbang bahan sampai berat konstan yang berarti
semua air sudah diuapkan.Cara ini relatif mudah dan murah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kelemahan cara ini adalah :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">• Bahan lain disamping air juga ikut menguap
dan ikut hilang bersama dengan uap air misalnya alkohol, asam asetat, minyak
atsiri dan lain-lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">• Dapat terjadi reaksi selama pemanasan yang
menghasilkan air atau zat mudah menguap. Contoh gula mengalami dekomposisi atau
karamelisasi, lemak mengalami oksidasi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">• Bahan yang dapat mengikat air secara kuat
sulit melepaskan airnya meskipun sudah dipanaskan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
melakukan proses pengeringan untuk mempercepat penguapan air serta menghindari
terjadinya reaksi yang menyebabkan terbentuknya air ataupun reaksi yang lain
karena pemanasan, maka dapat dilakukan dengan suhu rendah dan tekanan vakum.
Dengan demikian akan diperoleh hasil yang lebih mencerminkan kadar air yang
sebenarnya (Sudarmadji 2003).</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode Oven Biasa</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
oven biasa yang digunakan merupakan salah satu metode pemanasan langsung dalam
penetapan kadar air suatu bahan pangan. Dalam metode ini bahan dipanaskan pada
suhu tertentu sehingga semua air menguap yang ditunjukkan oleh berat konstan
bahan setelah periode pemanasan tertentu.Kehilangan berat bahan yang terjadi
menunjukkan jumlah air yang terkandung.Metode ini terutama digunakan untuk
bahan-bahan yang stabil terhadap pemanasan yang agak tinggi, serta produk yang
tidak atau rendah kandungan sukrosa dan glukosanya seperti tepung-tepungan dan
serealia (AOAC 1984).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Alat dan Bahan </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white;"><br />
Alat :</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cawan porselin</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Spatula</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Eksikator</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Oven</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tanur</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gegep </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bahan :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk NPK</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk Urea</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk ZA</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara kerja :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memijarkan cawan ditanur,dinginkan dalam eksikator </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menimbang bobot cawan kosong </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menimbang contoh 3 gram</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memasukkan dalam oven </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mendinginkan dalam eksikator</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menimbang bobot cawan yang sudah didinginkan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk NPK</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish kosong = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">46, 2998 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish + sampel
(sebelum pengeringan) = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">49, 3018 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish + sampel
(setelah pengeringan) = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">49,1915 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk Urea</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish kosong = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">38, 3527 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish + sampel
(sebelum pengeringan) = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">41, 3857 g</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish + sampel
(setelah pengeringan) = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">41, 3611 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk ZA</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish kosong = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">34, 9716 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish + sampel
(sebelum pengeringan) = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">37, 9833 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot petridish + sampel
(setelah pengeringan) = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%;">37, 9782 g</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><br />
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span>
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Perhitungan :</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Kadar air = <u>bobot
yang hilang x 100 % </u></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">
bobot contoh</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> <b> </b></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><u><b>Pupuk NPK</b></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
Kadar air = <u>(49,
3018 - 49,1915) gram
x 100 % </u></span><u><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
</span></u><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
3, 0020 gram</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">= 3,67 %</span><br />
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> <u><b> </b></u></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><b><u>Pupuk Urea</u></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Kadar air = <u>(41, 3857 - 41, 3611) gram x 100 % </u></span><u><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></u><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 3, 0330 gram</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0.5in;">= 0,81 %</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-indent: -24px;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-indent: -24px;"><u><b>Pupuk ZA</b></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -24px;"><u><b><br /></b></u></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Kadar air = </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> </span><u style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">(37, 9833 - 37, 9782) gram x 100 % </u><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 3, 0117 gram</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">= 0,17 %</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kesimpulan : </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari hasil pengamatan dan perhitungan dapat disimpulkan
bahwa kadar air pada</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Pupuk NPK = 3,67 %<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Pupuk Urea = 0,81 % <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">Pupuk ZA = 0,17 %</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Daftar pustaka :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><a href="https://christianthp2010.wordpress.com/2014/04/05/uji-kadar-air/"><i><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">https://christianthp2010.wordpress.com/2014/04/05/uji-kadar-air/</span></i></a><i><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><a href="http://faridahanumgm47.blogspot.com/2012/03/penetapan-kadar-air-metode-oven-biasa.html"><i><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://faridahanumgm47.blogspot.com/2012/03/penetapan-kadar-air-metode-oven-biasa.html</span></i></a><i><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><a href="https://himka1polban.wordpress.com/laporan/kimia-pangan/laporan-penentuan-kadar-air/"><i><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">https://himka1polban.wordpress.com/laporan/kimia-pangan/laporan-penentuan-kadar-air/</span></i></a><i><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">http://faridahanumgm47.blogspot.com/2012/03/penetapan-kadar-air-metode-oven-biasa.html</span></i>resky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-916627307428794866.post-47020212090431915442015-05-24T00:36:00.001-07:002015-06-09T08:37:44.978-07:00Penetapan Kadar Amonia Bebas pada pupuk Urea<div class="post-header">
</div>
<div align="center" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
Lengkap</span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Nama : Resky Aulia</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">NIS : 114734</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelas : III – A</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Kelompok : A22 </span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tanggal
mulai : 25 Maret 2015</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 20.4pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Tanggal
selesai : 25 Maret 2015</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Judul penetapan : Penetapan
Kadar Amonia Bebas pada Pupuk Urea</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 184.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 148.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -184.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan penetapan : Untuk mengetahui Kadar Amonia Bebas dalam sampel urea</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 184.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 148.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -184.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dasar prinsip : NH3 bebas yang terbentuk dari
proses pembuatan yang kurang sempurna (hasil polimerisasi UREA) dapat
ditetapkan kadarnya dengan titrasi asidimetri. Sebagai penitar digunakan larutan HCl
0,02 M membentuk garam klorida, dengan indiator MM : MB = 1 : 1
sehingga didapat titik akhir dari hijau menjadi biru..</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reaksi : </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFspZxHnvLUq4Q0bWWYDYG8FLhn2NHDM7Im2_jGlQZJgQtDp5XUucdqsJN8C2bmYQEvQyYP8uREqgHWkT6RzpNybKj5fK4bSjKsiLj6MJLua97IRezkl2VZL5ZkjgUgj6rlLdCkPGjuMZf/s1600/amonia.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFspZxHnvLUq4Q0bWWYDYG8FLhn2NHDM7Im2_jGlQZJgQtDp5XUucdqsJN8C2bmYQEvQyYP8uREqgHWkT6RzpNybKj5fK4bSjKsiLj6MJLua97IRezkl2VZL5ZkjgUgj6rlLdCkPGjuMZf/s1600/amonia.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Landasan teori
:</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">AMONIA</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A. Nama Lain:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 27.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ammonia
Gas</span></i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 27.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Anhydrous
Ammonia</span></i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 27.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Liquid
Ammonia</span></i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 27.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Nitro-Sil</span></i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 9.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Berat Molekul : 17.03</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 9.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
B. Sumber Amoniak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Amonia
adalah bahan kimia dengan formula kimia NH3.Molekul amonia mempunyai bentuk
segi tiga.Amonia terdapat di atmosfer dalam kuantiti yang kecil akibat
pereputan bahan organik.Amonia juga dijumpai di dalam tanah, dan di tempat
berdekatan dengan gunung berapi.Oleh karena itu, pada suhu dan tekanan piawai,
amonia adalah gas yang tidak mempunyai warna (lutsinar) dan lebih ringan dari
pada udara (0.589 ketumpatan udara).Titik leburnya ialah -75 °C dan titik
didihnya ialah -33.7 °C.10% larutan amonia dalam air mempunyai pH 12.Amonia
dalam bentuk cair mempunyai muatan yang sangat tinggi.Amonia cair terkenal
dengan sifat keterlarutannya.Ia boleh melarutkan logam alkali dengan mudah
untuk membentuk larutan yang berwarna dan mengalirkan elektrik dengan baik.
Amonia dapat larut dalam air.Larutan amonia dengan air mempunyai sedikit
amonium hidroksida (NH4OH).100 dm3 amoniapun dapat berpadu dengan 100 cm3 air.
Amonia tidak menyokong pembakaran, dan tidak akan terbakar kecuali dicampur dengan
oksigen, di mana amonia terbakar dengan nyalaan hijau kekuningan muda. Amonia
dapat meletup jika dicampur dengan udara. Amonia diperoleh dengan cara
menyulingkan tumbuhan dan hewan yang mengandung nitrogen. Atau dengan
mereaksikan garam-garam amonium dengan hidroksida alkali.Amonium juga diperoleh
dengan mereaksikan magnesium nitrit (Mg3N2) dengan air.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mg3N2(S)
+
6H2O(l) ——> 3Mg(OH)2(s)+2NH3</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Amonia
(NH3) dan garam-garamnya bersifat mudah larut dalam air.Sumber amonia di
perairan adalah pemecahan nitrogen organik (protein dan urea) dan nitrogen
anorganik yang terdapat di dalam tanah dan air, yang berasal dari dekomposisi
bahan organic oleh mikroba dan jamur (amonifikasi). Sumber amonia adalah
reduksi gas nitrogen yang berasal dari proses difusi udara atmosfer, limbah
industri dan domestik. Amonia yang terdapat dalam mineral masuk ke badan air
melalui erosi tanah.Selain terdapat dalam bentuk gas, amonia membentuk senyawa
kompleks dengan beberapa ion-ion logam.Amonia juga dapat terserap kedalam
bahan-bahan tersuspensi dan koloid sehingga mengendap di dasar perairan. Amonia
di perairan dapat menghilang melalui proses volatilisasi karena tekanan parsial
amonia dalam larutan meningkat dengan semakin meningkatnya pH. Ikan tidak bisa
bertoleransi terhadap kadar amonia bebas yang terlalu tinggi karena dapat
mengganggu proses pengikatan oksigen oleh darah dan pada akhirnya dapat
meningkatkan sifokasi. Pada budidaya intensif, yang padat penebaran tinggi dan
pemberian pakan sangat intensif, penimbunan limbah kotoran terjadi sangat
cepat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gas
amonia juga merupakan salah satu gas pencemar udara yang dihasilkan dari
penguraian senyawa organik oleh mikroorganisme seperti dalam proses pembuatan
kompos, dalam industri peternakan, dan pengolahan sampah kota. Amonia (gas) itu
terdiri dari hidrogen dan nitrogen yang biasanya perbandingan molarnya 3:1, ada
metan, argon, dan CO2.Amonia disintesis dengan reaksi reversibel antara
hidrogen dengan nitrogen.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Seperti
halnya reaksi revesibel lain, reaksi pembentukan amonia juga menghabiskan
tenaga dan pikiran untuk mengatur reaksi dengan jumlah amonia pada kestimbngn
pada berbagai macam temperatur dan tekanan. Yang pasti berhubungan dengan
konstanta kesetimbangan reaksinya.Kp (konstanta kesetimbangan) tersebut tidak
hanya bergantung pada temperatur dan tekanannya, tapi juga perbandingan
komposisi nitrogen dan hidrogen. Sumber nitrogen itu biasanya udara.Dan sumber
hidrogen biasanya di dapat dari berbagai jenis bahan mentah seperti air,
hidrokarbon ringan atau berat, hasil dari pemurnian minyak mentah, gas alam,
maupun kombinasi dari bahan-bahan itu yang memiliki kandungan
hidrogennya.Amonia juga dapat berasal dari sumber antrophogenik (akibat
aktifitas manusia) seperti industri pupuk urea, industri asam nitrat dan dari
kilang minyak (Dwipayani, 2001).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
C. Keberadaannya di Perairan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Amonia
(NH3) pada suatu perairan berasal dari urin dan feses yang dihasilkan oleh ikan.Kandungan
amonia ada dalam jumlah yang relatif kecil jika dalam perairan kandungan
oksigen terlarut tinggi.Sehingga kandungan amonia dalam perairan bertambah
seiring dengan bertambahnya kedalaman.Pada dasar perairan kemungkinan terdapat
amonia dalam jumlah yang lebih banyak dibanding perairan di bagian atasnya
karena oksigen terlarut pada bagian dasar relatif lebih kecil (Welch, 1952
dalam Setiawan, 2006). Menurut Jenie dan Rahayu (1993) dalam Marlina (2004),
konsentrasi amonia yang tinggi pada permukaan air akan menyebabkan kematian
ikan yang terdapat pada perairan tersebut. Toksisitas amonia dipengaruhi oleh
pH yang ditunjukkan dengan kondisi pH rendah akan bersifat racun jika jumlah
amonia banyak, sedangkan dengan kondisi pH tinggi hanya dengan jumlah amonia
yang sedikit akan bersifat racun juga. Selain itu, pada saat kandungan oksigen
terlarut tinggi, amonia yang ada dalam jumlah yang relatif kecil sehingga
amonia bertambah seiring dengan bertambahnya kedalaman (Welch, 1952 dalam
Setiawan, 2006). Kadar amonia pada perairan alami biasanya kurang dari 0,1
mg/liter. Kadar amonia bebas yang tidak terionisasi pada perairan tawar
sebaiknya tidak lebih dari 0,2 mg/liter. Jika kadar amonia bebas lebih dari 0,2
mg/liter, perairan bersifat toksik bagi beberapa jenis ikan. Kadar amonia yang
tinggi dapat merupakan indikasi adanya pencemaran bahan organik yang berasal
dari limbah domestik, industri, dan limpasan pupuk pertanian.Kadar amonia yang
tinggi juga dapat ditemukan pada dasar danau yang mengalami kondisi tanpa
oksigen atau anoxic (Effendi, 2003). Menurut Boyd (1990), amonia dapat
meningkatkan kebutuhan oksigen pada insang dan jaringan tubuh yang mengalami
kerusakan, dan menurunkan kemampuan darah dalam membawa oksigen. Dalam kondisi
kronik, peningkatan amonia dapat menyebabkan timbulnya penyakit dan penurunan
pertumbuhan.Pescod (1973) menyarankan agar kandungan amonia dalam suatu
perairan tidak lebih dari 1 mg/l, yaitu agar kehidupan ikan menjadi normal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">D. Sifat-sifat
Fisik</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapun sifat-sifat fisik dari amoniak yaitu:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1. Gas
tidak berwarna</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2. berbau
khas amoniak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3. iritan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4. mudah
larut dalam air.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5. Ambang
bau : 0.32 – 46.8 ppm</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6. Titik
leleh : -77.7 <sup>o</sup>C</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7. Titik
didih : -33.4 <sup>o</sup>C</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8. Tekanan
Uap : 400 mmHg (-45,4 <sup>o</sup>C)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9. Kelarutan
dalam air : 31 g/100g (25 <sup>o</sup>C)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">10. Berat
jenis : 0.682 (-33,4 <sup>o</sup>C)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">11. pH
(1,0 N larutan) : 11.6</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">12. kelarutan
: etanol 10% (25<sup>o</sup>C); methanol 16% (25<sup>o</sup>C)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">13. Berat
jenis uap : 0.6 (udara=1)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">14. Suhu
kritis : 133 <sup>o</sup>C</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
E. Manfaat</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapun manfaat dari ammoniak yaitu:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1. Untuk
pembuatan pupuk, terutama urea dan ZA (Zwavelzur amonium = amonium sulfat)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NH<sub>3(g)</sub> +
CO<sub>2(g)</sub> ——>
CO(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2(aq)</sub> + panas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NH<sub>3(g)</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> ——>
(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4(aq)</sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pembuatan
pupuk dengan cara Haber-Bosch yaitu dengan cara ammonia dibuat dalam skala
besar dari nitrogen yang diperoleh dari udara, ditambah hydrogen (sebagian
besar diproduksi dari metana yang terjadi secara alami) yang menjadi campuran
nitrogen dan hydgrogen bertekanan tinggi. Kemudian didaur ulang sehingga
amoniak terbentuk dan dibiarkan hingga terjadi proses pengembunan sehingga
terbentuk amoniak cair (NH<sub>3</sub>) yang siap dipindahkan untuk diolah
menjadi pupuk. Namun sebelum amoniak diproduksi melalui proses Haber-Bosch,
sumber utama senyawa nitrogen untuk industry adalah mineral yang harus
ditambang dan diangkat sejauh ribuan kilometer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
membuat senyawa nitrogen yang lain, seperti asam nitrat, amonium klorida,
amonium nitrat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NH<sub>3(g)</sub> + 5 O<sub>2(g)</sub> ——>
4 NO<sub>(g)</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(g)</sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NH<sub>3(g)</sub> + HCl<sub>(aq)</sub> ——>
NH<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>(aq)</sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NH<sub>3(g)</sub> + HNO<sub>3(aq)</sub> ——>
NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3(aq)</sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2. Untuk
membuat hidrazin.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">NH<sub>3(g)</sub> +
NaOCl<sub>(aq)</sub> ——>
N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4(l)</sub> + NaCl<sub>(s)</sub> +
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(l)</sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hidrazin merupakan salah satu senyawa nitrogen
yang digunakan sebagai bahan bakar roket.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3. Dalam
pabrik es, amonia cair digunakan sebagai pendingin (refrigerant) karena amonia
cair mudah menguap dan akan menyerap panas sehingga menimbulkan efek pembekuan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4. Sebagai
bahan peledak</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5. Bahan
pembuatan baterai</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6. Campuran
dalam produk cat rambut dan obat pelurusan rambut.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">PUPUK
UREA</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-urea"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Pupuk Urea</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> merupakan
zat yang membantu pertumbuhan tanaman.<a href="http://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-urea"><i><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Pupuk Urea</span></i></a> dibuat secara kimiawi dengan kandungan
kadar nitrogen yang cukup tinggi. Mayoritas pupuk urea yang beredar
di pasaran mengandung unsur hara nitrogen (N) dengan kadar 46%. Artinya, setiap
100 kilogram pupuk urea, mengandung 46 kilogram nitrogen di dalamnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari berbagai pupuk buatan yang beredar di
pasaran, <u>Pupuk Urea</u>merupakan salah satu jenis pupuk buatan yang
paling laris dan selalu dibutuhkan.Baik oleh para petani maupun pembudidaya
tanaman.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Kandungan
nitrogen sangat diperlukan oleh setiap tanaman, khususnya pada masa
pertumbuhan.Zat nitrogen juga membantu metabolismetanaman.Umumnya, pupuk urea
memiliki tekstur yang cukup kasar. Pupuk urea berbentuk butiran-butiran seperti
kristal dengan warna putih.Rumus kimia pupuk urea adalah NH2 CONH2.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pupuk
urea mudah larut dalam air.Hal ini mempermudah para petani untuk
menggunakan pupuk urea bersamaan dengan penyiraman tanaman.Meski demikian,
pupuk urea termasuk jenis pupuk yang bisa dengan mudah berikatan dengan air
(higroskopis).Sebaiknya, pupuk urea disimpan di tempat kering dan juga tertutup
dengan rapat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Manfaat dan Fungsi Pupuk Urea</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apa
saja manfaat pupuk urea. Perlu diketahui bahwa pupuk urea mengandung nitrogen
dalam jumlah yang tinggi.Unsur nitrogen di dalam pupuk urea sangat
bermanfaat bagi tanaman untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Manfaat
lainnya antara lain sebagai berikut :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pupuk urea membuat
daun tanaman lebih hijau, rimbun, dan segar. Nitrogen juga </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> membantu tanaman sehingga
mempunyai banyak zat hijau daun (klorofil).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dengan adanya zat hijau
daun yang berlimpah, tanaman akan lebih mudah </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> melakukan fotosintesis.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pupuk urea juga
mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman. Kondisi tanaman akan </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> makin tinggi, dengan
jumlah anakan yang banyak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pupuk urea juga
mampu menambah kandungan protein di dalam tanaman.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pupuk urea bersifat
universal. Pupuk ini dapat digunakan untuk semua jenis </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> tanaman. Urea dapat
ditambahkan untuk tanaman darat maupun air.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Urea juga baik untuk
tanaman pangan, tanaman holtikultura, tanaman usaha </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> perkebunan, tanaman di
sekitar peternakan dan juga tanaman di sekeliling usaha </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> perikananan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kekurangan Unsur Hara Nitrogen</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketika sebuah tanaman mengalami kekurangan
zat nitrogen, maka tanaman tersebut akan mengalami beberapa gejala yang bisa
diamati secara fisik. Gejala-gejala tersebut antara lain sebagai berikut :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1. Kekurangan
nitrogen membuat keadaan daun tanaman berwarna pucat</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
hingga kekuning-kuningan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2. Bila
kekurangan nitrogen semakin parah, maka daun tuatanaman tersebut </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
akan berwarna kekuning-kuningan dimulai dari ujung daun dan menjalar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
hingga ke tulang daun.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3. Bila
kondisi kekurangan nitrogen terus dibiarkan, maka daun akan menjadi </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
kering. Keadaan ini diawali dari daun bagian bawah sampai daun bagian atas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4. Kondisi
tanaman yang kekurangan nitrogen sejak awal, menimbulkan tanaman </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
lambat tumbuh dan kerdil.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5. Akibat
kekurangan nitrogen pada buah, yaitu keadaan buah tidak sempurna. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Sering kali buah masak masak sebelum waktunya atau sebelum ukurannya </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
sesuai</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kegunaan pupuk Urea</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Unsur hara Nitrogen yang dikandung dalam
pupuk Urea sangat besar kegunaannya bagi tanaman untuk pertumbuhan dan
perkembangan, antara lain:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Membuat daun tanaman lebih hijau segar dan
banyak mengandung butir hijau daun (chlorophyl) yang mempunyai peranan sangat
panting dalam proses fotosintesa</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi,
jumlah anakan, cabang dan lain-lain)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menambah kandungan protein tanaman</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat dipakai untuk semua jenis tanaman baik
tanaman pangan, holtikultura, </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
tanaman perkebunan, usaha peternakan dan usaha perikanan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Alat dan Bahan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Alat :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Erlenmeyer</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Buret</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pipet
tetes</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Neraca
digital</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gelas
ukur</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengaduk</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gelas
piala</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Bahan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pupuk
Urea</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Air</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indicator
MM</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indicator
MB</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">HCl
0,02M</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara kerja : </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ditimbang contoh UREA + 5 g dalam Erlenmeyer. </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dilarutkan dengan air, dibubuhi indikator MM:MB =
1:1 </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dititar dengan HCl 0,02 N hingga TA biru.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan
:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bobot contoh = 5,0045 gr </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Volume larutan penitar (HCl 0, 02 N) = 8,55 ml </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Warna larutan sebelum penambahan ind.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> MM:MB</span> : tidak berwarna</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Warna larutan setelah penambahan ind.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"> MM:MB</span> : hijau</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Warna larutan pada saat titik akhir : biru</span></div>
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</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Perhitungan :</span></div>
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</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kadar NH<sub>3</sub> = </span><u style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">V x N x Bst Amonia <b>x</b> 100 %</u><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> mg contoh<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 1in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">= <u>8,55 mL x 0,02 meq/mL x 17 mg/meq <b>x</b> 100 %<o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.1999998092651px; line-height: 19.7999992370605px; margin: 0in 0in 0in 1in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;"> 5004,5 mg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px;">= 0,06 %</span></div>
</div>
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</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan
perhitungan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar amonia bebas dalam
sampel urea adalah 0,06%</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
Daftar Pustaka :</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><a href="http://akuwewete.blogspot.com/2012/11/amoniak.html"><i><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">http://akuwewete.blogspot.com/2012/11/amoniak.html</span></i></a><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><a href="http://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-urea"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://faedahjaya.com/distributor-pupuk/tentang-pupuk-urea</span></i></a><i><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></i></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">o<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><i><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://pusri.wordpress.com/2007/09/22/mengenal-pupuk-urea/">http://pusri.wordpress.com/2007/09/22/mengenal-pupuk-urea/</a></span></i>resky auliahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00059559250723475689noreply@blogger.com0